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Causal Nutrition Framework

Causal nutrition framework is a concept that focuses on understanding the underlying causes of malnutrition and designing interventions to address those causes. It seeks to identify and target the underlying factors that contribute to malnutrition, rather than just addressing the symptoms or manifestations of malnutrition. The causal nutrition framework is rooted in the understanding that malnutrition is often the result of multiple and interconnected causes that go beyond inadequate food intake alone. The causal nutrition framework takes into consideration various determinants of malnutrition, including social, economic, cultural, environmental, and health-related factors. It recognizes that malnutrition can be caused by a complex interplay of factors, such as poverty, lack of access to nutritious foods, poor sanitation and hygiene, limited healthcare services, inadequate infant and young child feeding practices, and gender inequalities, among others. These factors often interact with...
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PURPOSIVE SAMPLING

 

Purposive Sampling 

"Purposive sampling is a non-probability sampling technique that involves selecting participants based on specific criteria or characteristics that are relevant to the research question".

In this technique, the researcher deliberately selects participants who are likely to have relevant information or experiences related to the study's objectives.

Purposive sampling is often used in qualitative research, where the focus is on understanding the experiences and perspectives of participants. This sampling technique is useful when the research question is specific and well-defined, and the researcher wants to select participants who have the information or experiences that are most relevant to the study's objectives.

Types of Purposive Sampling

There are several types of purposive sampling, including:

Criterion Sampling: In this technique, the researcher selects participants based on specific criteria that are relevant to the research question. For example, if the research question is related to stress among working mothers, the researcher may select participants who are working mothers with young children.

Snowball Sampling: In this technique, the researcher asks participants to refer other participants who meet the study's criteria. This technique is useful when the target population is difficult to identify or access, and participants are likely to know others who meet the study's criteria.

Quota Sampling: In this technique, the researcher selects participants based on a predetermined quota for specific criteria, such as age, gender, or occupation. For example, if the research question is related to stress among healthcare workers, the researcher may select participants in equal numbers from different healthcare professions.

Expert Sampling: In this technique, the researcher selects participants who are experts in a specific field or subject matter related to the research question. For example, if the research question is related to mental health interventions, the researcher may select mental health professionals with specific expertise in the area.

Advantages of Purposive Sampling

Time and Cost-Efficient: Purposive sampling is often more time and cost-efficient than probability sampling techniques, as the researcher can quickly identify and recruit participants who meet the study's criteria.

Relevant Information: Purposive sampling allows the researcher to select participants who have relevant information or experiences related to the research question, which can provide deeper insights into the research topic.

Flexibility: Purposive sampling is a flexible sampling technique that can be used in a variety of research contexts, including both qualitative and quantitative research.

Suitability for Small Samples: Purposive sampling is suitable for studies that require small sample sizes, as the researcher can select participants who are most likely to provide the necessary information or experiences related to the research question.

Disadvantages of Purposive Sampling:

Potential for Bias: Purposive sampling may introduce bias into the sample selection process, as the researcher may select participants who are most likely to provide the desired information or experiences, leading to non-representative samples.

Limited Generalizability: Purposive sampling may limit the generalizability of the study's findings, as the sample may not be representative of the broader population.

Difficulty in Sample Selection: The researcher must have a clear understanding of the study's objectives and the criteria for participant selection to use purposive sampling effectively.

Conclusion:

Purposive sampling is a useful sampling technique in qualitative and quantitative research, allowing researchers to select participants who have relevant information or experiences related to the research question. While it is efficient and flexible, it may introduce bias and limit the generalizability of the study's findings. Therefore, it is crucial to use purposive sampling with care and in conjunction with other sampling techniques to ensure the reliability and validity of the research findings.

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